Esophagus Cancer

Esophagus cancer originates in the esophagus, the tube that carries food from the throat to the stomach, and progresses through various stages. Initial symptoms may include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, weight loss, and hoarseness. In India, esophagus cancer is increasingly common, affecting many individuals annually, predominantly those with a history of smoking, heavy alcohol use, or chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Symptoms:

Early signs may include:

  • Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
  • Unintended weight loss
  • Chest pain or discomfort
  • Hoarseness or chronic cough
  • Indigestion or heartburn
  • Vomiting
  • Coughing up blood
  • Fatigue

Causes:

The exact cause remains unclear, but risk factors include:

  • Smoking
  • Heavy alcohol consumption
  • Chronic GERD or Barrett’s esophagus
  • Obesity
  • Diet low in fruits and vegetables
  • Consumption of very hot liquids
  • Exposure to certain chemicals
  • Genetic predispositions
  • Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection

Treatment:

Treatment options include:

  • Surgery: Removing cancerous tissue from the esophagus, which may involve esophagectomy
  • Radiation therapy: High-energy rays to target and destroy cancer cells, often used before or after surgery
  • Chemotherapy: Medications to kill cancer cells or shrink tumors before or after surgery
  • Targeted therapy: Drugs that specifically target cancer cell mechanisms
  • Immunotherapy: Boosting the body’s natural defenses to fight cancer
  • Endoscopic treatments: Minimally invasive procedures to remove small tumors or relieve symptoms

For expert care and personalized treatment of esophagus cancer, trust Dr. Pallabika Mandal’s expertise in surgical oncology. Contact us today to schedule a consultation and begin your journey toward recovery and wellness.